Docker 镜像及Docker仓库配置 [四]

释放双眼,带上耳机,听听看~!
我们制作好镜像后,默认存放在本地,只可以我们本机使用,其他服务器无法使用,这时候就需要我们一个docker仓库,其他服务器使用的时候只需要进行pull下来即可
🤖 由 ChatGPT 生成的文章摘要

Docker 镜像及Docker仓库配置 [四]

Docker

时间:2016年11月8日15:45:20

博客:www.abcdocker.com

微信公众号:abcdocker

笔者QQ:381493251

Abcdocker交流群:454666672

如果遇到什么问题可以进群询问,我们是一个乐于帮助的集体!


一、Docker 镜像介绍

Docker镜像构建分为两种,一种是手动构建,另一种是Dockerfile(自动构建

Docker镜像手动构建案例:

我们基于centos镜像进行构建,制作nginx镜像

[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker run --name abcdocker -it centos
[root@026ae321431d /]# yum install wget -y
[root@026ae321431d /]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/epel-7.repo
[root@026ae321431d /]# yum install nginx -y

我们需要修改nginx配置文件,让他运行在前台

[root@026ae321431d /]# vi /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
...
daemon off;
...

修改完之后我们退出

[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS               NAMES
026ae321431d        centos              "/bin/bash"         8 minutes ago       Exited (0) 4 seconds ago                       abcdocker

我们修改完之后需要commit

[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker commit -m "My Nginx" 026ae321431d abcdocker/abcdocker:v1
sha256:d1da04e088afa5bc005fbef9c75c6c4d4432df2f8fdda2ca16543638ec3682f4
[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY            TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
abcdocker/abcdocker   v1                  d1da04e088af        4 minutes ago       386.5 MB
docker.io/nginx       latest              e43d811ce2f4        34 hours ago        181.4 MB
docker.io/centos      latest              980e0e4c79ec        6 weeks ago         196.7 MB

#注释
-m 描述
容器ID
第一个abcdocker是仓库的名称
第二个abcdocker是镜像的名称
v1 标签,如果是最后一个版本我们可以打latest

我们现在启动制作好的nginx镜像

[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker run --name nginxv1 -d -p 81:80 abcdocker/abcdocker:v1 nginx 
2827b5ff95363d4597928a1e094b4c267178350a6c23a075bda90fabff1c671e
我们要写镜像全称,带上标签

提示:后面的nginx不是镜像的nginx,而是服务的名称

Docker 镜像及Docker仓库配置 [四]

我们可以查看访问日志

[root@linux-node1 ~]# ./docker_in.sh nginxv1
[root@2827b5ff9536 /]# tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log 
192.168.56.1 - - [23/Oct/2016:09:09:49 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 200 3700 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0" "-"
192.168.56.1 - - [23/Oct/2016:09:09:49 +0000] "GET /nginx-logo.png HTTP/1.1" 200 368 "http://192.168.56.11:81/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0" "-"
192.168.56.1 - - [23/Oct/2016:09:09:49 +0000] "GET /poweredby.png HTTP/1.1" 200 2811 "http://192.168.56.11:81/" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0" "-"
192.168.56.1 - - [23/Oct/2016:09:09:49 +0000] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 3650 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0" "-"
192.168.56.1 - - [23/Oct/2016:09:09:49 +0000] "GET /favicon.ico HTTP/1.1" 404 3650 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:49.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/49.0" "-"

以上就是手动构建nginx镜像

Dockerfile是由一行命令语句组成的

Dockerfile构建步骤:

[root@linux-node1 ~]# mkdir /dockerfile
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /dockerfile
[root@linux-node1 dockerfile]#
[root@linux-node1 dockerfile]# mkdir nginx
[root@linux-node1 dockerfile]# cd nginx/
[root@linux-node1 nginx]#
我们要在nginx目录上自动化创建一个nginx镜像

注意:D需要大写,当我们构建dockerfile的时候,docker默认会在我们当前目录读取一个名为Dockerfile的文件。这时候的D必须大写

[root@linux-node1 nginx]# cat Dockerfile
# This Dockerfile
# My Name is YuHongCong

# Base image
FROM centos

# Maintainer
MAINTAINER abcdocker xxx@gmail.com

#Commands
RUN rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm
RUN yum install -y nginx && yum clean all
RUN echo "daemon off;" >>/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
ADD index.html /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
EXPOSE 80
CMD ["nginx"]
#井号代表注释
#Base image  除了注释的第一行,必须是FROM,意思就是我们需要告诉dockerfile基础镜像是什么
#Maintainer 维护信息

#Commands 命令

#ADD index.html 这个文件需要我们在当前目录下有才可以,我们配置我们可以准备好,然后使用ADD命令进行添加或修改
EXPOSE 对外端口号
CMD [“nginx”] 它要启动的命令是nginx (就算是nginx服务)

关于Dokcerfile文章:http://www.abcdocker.com/abcdocker/1724

我们写好dockerfile还需要一个index.html

[root@linux-node1 nginx]# echo www.abcdocker.com >index.html
[root@linux-node1 nginx]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 368 Oct 23 18:04 Dockerfile
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  18 Oct 23 18:06 index.html

提示:.代表构建的位置,我们是当前目录,我们使用docker build进行构建

[root@linux-node1 nginx]# docker build -t mynginx:v2 .

Docker 镜像及Docker仓库配置 [四]

构建完成后我们就知道我们配置的都是那些

[root@linux-node1 nginx]# docker images 
REPOSITORY            TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mynginx               v2                  0d327c3d5058        8 minutes ago       281.6 MB
abcdocker/abcdocker   v1                  d1da04e088af        About an hour ago   386.5 MB
docker.io/nginx       latest              e43d811ce2f4        35 hours ago        181.4 MB
docker.io/centos      latest              980e0e4c79ec        6 weeks ago         196.7 MB

启动镜像

[root@linux-node1 nginx]# docker run --name mynginxtest -d -p 82:80 mynginx:v2
71ca33f5032c57342eff85f948c0273f0818218c5e3ccf6c7368d5e5da123520

#mynginx:v2是docker images查看到的镜像名称

Docker 镜像及Docker仓库配置 [四]

Dockerfile参数解释

FROM 指定基础镜像
MAINTAINER 指定维护者信息
RUN 在命令前面加上RUN
ADD COPY文件,会自动解压
WORKDIR 设置当前工作目录,类似于cd
VOLUME 设置卷,挂载主机目录
EXPOSE 指定对外的端口
CMD 指定容器启动后要干的事情

Dockerfile文章:http://www.abcdocker.com/abcdocker/1724

二、Docker仓库

Docker的仓库是DockerHub,类似于github,github有一个开源的软件叫gitlab。Docker也有一个开源软件docker registry

我们先查看镜像,找到registry

[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker search docker
INDEX       NAME                                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
docker.io   docker.io/jenkins                                 Official Jenkins Docker image                   2146      [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/alpine                                  A minimal Docker image based on Alpine Lin...   1556      [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/registry                                Containerized docker registry                   1161      [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/swarm                                   Swarm: a Docker-native clustering system.       529       [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/fedora                                  Official Docker builds of Fedora                446       [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/docker                                  Docker in Docker!                               311       [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/konradkleine/docker-registry-frontend   Browse and modify your Docker registry in ...   121                  [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/oddrationale/docker-shadowsocks         shadowsocks Docker image                        121                  [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/docker-dev                              Docker is an open source project to pack, ...   58        [OK]       
docker.io   docker.io/hyper/docker-registry-web               Web UI, authentication service and event r...   55                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/datadog/docker-dd-agent                 Docker container for the Datadog Agent.         42                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/francescou/docker-compose-ui            web interface for Docker Compose                32                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/nodered/node-red-docker                 Node-RED Docker images.                         32                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/spotify/docker-gc                       Garbage collection of Docker containers an...   26                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/devalx/docker-teamspeak3                Docker Container with Teamspeak 3. Contain...   19                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/grahamdumpleton/mod-wsgi-docker         Docker images for Apache/mod_wsgi.              19                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/dockercore/docker                                                                       15                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/docker/docker-bench-security            Docker Bench checks for dozens of common b...   12                   [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/laurentmalvert/docker-boinc             A dockerized BOINC client                       7                    [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/rubinius/docker                         Docker images for Rubinius and other parts...   4                    [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/docker/migrator                         Tool to migrate Docker images from a v1 re...   3                    [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/fabric8/jenkins-docker                  Fabric8 Jenkins Docker Image                    3                    [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/jakubsacha/symfony-docker               Docker image tailed to run symfony applica...   2                    [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/cgal/testsuite-docker                   Docker images for the CGAL testsuite            1                    [OK]
docker.io   docker.io/jfisbein/docker-images                  Various Docker build files for creating Do...   1                    [OK]

我们可以通过docker pull 来下载一个

[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker pull registry

查看镜像

[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker images 
REPOSITORY                 TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mynginx                    v2                  0d327c3d5058        26 hours ago        281.6 MB
abcdocker/abcdocker        v1                  d1da04e088af        27 hours ago        386.5 MB
docker.io/nginx            latest              e43d811ce2f4        2 days ago          181.4 MB
docker.io/registry         latest              c9bd19d022f6        5 days ago          33.27 MB
docker.io/centos           latest              980e0e4c79ec        6 weeks ago         196.7 MB
docker.io/vmware/admiral   latest              4e798983bb2a        6 weeks ago         506.4 MB

默认占用5000端口,我们查看是否存在5000端口

[root@linux-node1 ~]# netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      19995/mysqld        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:4369            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      21574/epmd          
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1094/sshd           
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:15672           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      21557/beam          
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1372/master         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25672           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      21557/beam          
tcp6       0      0 :::81                   :::*                    LISTEN      119979/docker-proxy 
tcp6       0      0 :::4369                 :::*                    LISTEN      21574/epmd          
tcp6       0      0 :::82                   :::*                    LISTEN      122045/docker-proxy 
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1094/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1372/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::8282                 :::*                    LISTEN      7571/docker-proxy   
tcp6       0      0 :::5672                 :::*                    LISTEN      21557/beam          
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:123             0.0.0.0:*                           19389/chronyd       
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:323           0.0.0.0:*                           19389/chronyd       
udp6       0      0 ::1:323                 :::*                                19389/chronyd       

我们开始运行容器

[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 registry
aa6b8ce82d5ab3539e7c6aa8bca23215f18f1215ccb8ca48100e525ba769d964

提示:docker比较老的版本运行起来就可以运行,1.7之后都不可以

我们新打一个标签

[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker tag abcdocker/abcdocker:v1 192.168.56.11:5000/abc/mynginx:latest
#我们将以前的abcdocker打一个标签到5000端口

因为Docker从1.3.X之后默认docker registry使用的是https,所以当用docker pull命令下载远程镜像时,如果远程docker registry是非https的时候就会报上面的错误。

[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker tag abcdocker/abcdocker:v1 192.168.56.11:5000/abc/mynginx:latest
[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker push 192.168.56.11:5000/abc/mynginx:latest
The push refers to a repository [192.168.56.11:5000/abc/mynginx]
unable to ping registry endpoint https://192.168.56.11:5000/v0/
v2 ping attempt failed with error: Get https://192.168.56.11:5000/v2/: http: server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client
 v1 ping attempt failed with error: Get https://192.168.56.11:5000/v1/_ping: http: server gave HTTP response to HTTPS client

提示:解决方法有2种,一种是去沃通或腾讯申请免费ssl,或者我们本地修改配置文件

解决Https问题

安装nginx,制作https

[root@linux-node1 ~]# yum install nginx -y
[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
…
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
…

因为在配置文件中已经指定了目录,只有放在/etc/nginx/conf.d/*下面才会识别到

配置如下:

[root@linux-node1 conf.d]# cat docker.conf
upstream docker-registry {
 server 127.0.0.1:5000;
}

server {
listen 443;
server_name registry.abcdocker.com
ssl on;
ssl_certificate  /etc/ssl/nginx.crt;
ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/nginx.key;
proxy_set_header Host      $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
client_max_body_size 0;
chunked_transfer_encoding on;

location / {
    auth_basic  "Docker";
    auth_basic_user_file    /etc/nginx/conf.d/docker-registry.htpasswd;
    proxy_pass http://docker-registry;
}
location /_ping {
        auth_basic off;
    proxy_pass http://docker-registry;
}
location /v1/_ping {
    auth_basic off;
    proxy_pass http://docker-registry;
}
}
[root@linux-node1 conf.d]#

我们需要生成一个证书,大家可以申请一个沃通或者腾讯的免费ssl


以下如果有沃通的免费ssl就不需要设置

我们先设置一个根密钥,生产上直接使用沃通的免费ssl配置就可以了

---------------此步在生产可以不使用--------------------
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /etc/pki/CA/
[root@linux-node1 CA]# touch ./{serial,index.txt}
[root@linux-node1 CA]# echo "00" >serial 
[root@linux-node1 CA]# openssl genrsa -out private/cakey.pem 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
.................................+++
............+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
[root@linux-node1 CA]# openssl req -new -x509 -key private/cakey.pem -days 3650 -out cacert.pem
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:输入CN
State or Province Name (full name) []: 输入BeiJing
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:BeiJing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:abcdocker
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:docker
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:registry.abcdocker.com
Email Address []:cyh@abcdocker.com   

以上步骤是生成一个根证书
我们现在需要生产一个nginx的证书(生产可以直接使用运营商颁发的证书,不需要生成)
[root@linux-node1 CA]# cd /etc/ssl/
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# openssl genrsa -out nginx.key 2048
Generating RSA private key, 2048 bit long modulus
....+++
.........................................+++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# openssl req -new -key nginx.key -out nginx.csr
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [XX]:CN
State or Province Name (full name) []:BeiJing
Locality Name (eg, city) [Default City]:BeiJing
Organization Name (eg, company) [Default Company Ltd]:abcdocker
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:docker
Common Name (eg, your name or your server's hostname) []:registry.abcdocker.com
Email Address []:cyh@abcdocker.com

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []:
An optional company name []:
#最后2个直接回车

签发证书

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# openssl ca -in nginx.csr -days 365 -out nginx.crt
Using configuration from /etc/pki/tls/openssl.cnf
Check that the request matches the signature
Signature ok
Certificate Details:
        Serial Number: 0 (0x0)
        Validity
            Not Before: Oct 24 14:04:16 2016 GMT
            Not After : Oct 24 14:04:16 2017 GMT
        Subject:
            countryName               = CN
            stateOrProvinceName       = BeiJing
            organizationName          = abcdocker
            organizationalUnitName    = docker
            commonName                = registry.abcdocker.com
            emailAddress              = cyh@abcdocker.com
        X509v3 extensions:
            X509v3 Basic Constraints: 
                CA:FALSE
            Netscape Comment: 
                OpenSSL Generated Certificate
            X509v3 Subject Key Identifier: 
                29:04:19:D9:1A:C1:8C:1C:11:38:FF:75:85:1F:B2:BD:E1:1C:79:5C
            X509v3 Authority Key Identifier: 
                keyid:70:D7:95:49:C3:40:05:43:43:D4:07:AE:4D:AB:F2:D6:40:28:63:8D

Certificate is to be certified until Oct 24 14:04:16 2017 GMT (365 days)
Sign the certificate? [y/n]:y
1 out of 1 certificate requests certified, commit? [y/n] y
CERTIFICATION CANCELED

因为我们设置的是自签证书,要让系统允许
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/pki/CA/cacert.pem >> /etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt

我们创建一个用来验证的账号密码

[root@linux-node1 ~]# htpasswd -c /etc/nginx/conf.d/docker-registry.htpasswd abcdocker
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user abcdocker

#这个路径要跟nginx配置文件中的路径对应上
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl start nginx

查看是否有443端口

[root@linux-node1 ~]# netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:3306            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      19995/mysqld        
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:80              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      14408/nginx: master 
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:4369            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      21574/epmd          
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1094/sshd           
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:15672           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      21557/beam          
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1372/master         
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:443             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      14408/nginx: master 
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25672           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      21557/beam          
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      14408/nginx: master 
tcp6       0      0 :::81                   :::*                    LISTEN      119979/docker-proxy 
tcp6       0      0 :::4369                 :::*                    LISTEN      21574/epmd          
tcp6       0      0 :::82                   :::*                    LISTEN      122045/docker-proxy 
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1094/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1372/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::8282                 :::*                    LISTEN      7571/docker-proxy   
tcp6       0      0 :::5000                 :::*                    LISTEN      12308/docker-proxy  
tcp6       0      0 :::5672                 :::*                    LISTEN      21557/beam          
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:123             0.0.0.0:*                           19389/chronyd       
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:323           0.0.0.0:*                           19389/chronyd       
udp6       0      0 ::1:323                 :::*                                19389/chronyd      

我们还需要做一个绑定,设置host解析

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.56.11 linux-node1.abcdocker.com  registry.abcdocker.com
192.168.56.12 linux-node2.abcdocker.com  

修改配置文件

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/sysconfig/docker
# Modify these options if you want to change the way the docker daemon runs
 OPTIONS='--selinux-enabled --insecure-registry 192.168.56.11:5000'

测试

[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker push 192.168.56.11:5000/abcdocker/abcnginx:latest
The push refers to a repository [192.168.56.11:5000/abcdocker/abcnginx]
f69e85c4fed0: Pushed 
0aeb287b1ba9: Pushed 
latest: digest: sha256:516a0527d14f5f657a984c19c3e1a4cc90fff99cf065d5b1e56740fe5d8f0796 size: 719

小结:制作好nginx—ssl 后,docker基本上只需要三步

1、修改/etc/sysconfig/docker 配置文件,设置域名
2、构建镜像
[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker tag abcdocker/abcdocker:v1 192.168.56.11:5000/abcdocker/abc:latest
3、上传到仓库中
[root@linux-node1 ~]# docker push 192.168.56.11:5000/abcdocker/abc:latest

提示:如果使用的是域名此处的IP地址就是域名的地址

连接

首先我们修改配置文件,因为不是https,所以要修改配置文件,跟服务端修改的一样

设置hosts解析

然后我们使用docker pull即可

[root@linux-node2 ~]# docker images 
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
[root@linux-node2 ~]#  docker pull 192.168.56.11:5000/abcdocker/abc:latest
Trying to pull repository 192.168.56.11:5000/abcdocker/abc ... 
latest: Pulling from 192.168.56.11:5000/abcdocker/abc
8d30e94188e7: Pull complete 
9cc6fcb823f4: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:516a0527d14f5f657a984c19c3e1a4cc90fff99cf065d5b1e56740fe5d8f0796
Status: Downloaded newer image for 192.168.56.11:5000/abcdocker/abc:latest

查看是否存在

[root@linux-node2 ~]# docker images 
REPOSITORY                         TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
192.168.56.11:5000/abcdocker/abc   latest              d1da04e088af        44 minutes ago      386.5 MB

创建容器

[root@linux-node2 ~]# docker run -d -it --name nginx1 -d -p 81:80 192.168.56.11:5000/abcdocker/abc
5086eafe42a7c82c8c1b2adaeaa223766348c7ec349c407d57868add9cd7a77e
[root@linux-node2 ~]# sh docker.sh nginx1
[root@5086eafe42a7 /]# ls
anaconda-post.log  bin  dev  etc  home  lib  lib64  lost+found  media  mnt  opt  proc  root  run  sbin  srv  sys  tmp  usr  var

案例:按照我们上面的方法,制作一个nginx镜像并上传到docker仓库中,并运行容器启动nginx服务

[root@linux-node2 ~]# docker run -d  --name nginx -p 192.168.56.12:87:80 192.168.56.11:5000/abc 
477a9eda45b0262d2c914539698efc0eedc580d123fd25188c9c1f3205bfd445
[root@linux-node2 ~]# netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1094/sshd           
tcp        0      0 192.168.56.12:87        0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      25508/docker-proxy  
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:25            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1373/master         
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      1094/sshd           
tcp6       0      0 ::1:25                  :::*                    LISTEN      1373/master    

Docker 镜像及Docker仓库配置 [四]

Docker仓库含义

我们制作好镜像后,默认存放在本地,只可以我们本机使用,其他服务器无法使用,这时候就需要我们一个docker仓库,其他服务器使用的时候只需要进行pull下来即可

Docker默认提供了一个仓库叫docker registry

Docker registry需要使用https进行验证

官方手册 https://docs.docker.com/registry/


Docker registry私有仓库搭建基本几步流程(采用nginx+认证的方式)

1.  申请免费的ssl证书 https://buy.wosiqn.com/free
2.  设置nginx ssl证书
3.  设置验证
4.  proxy_pass 5000
5.  docker run -d -p 5000:5000 –name registry registry:2

docker registry可能比较low,我们还可以使用harbor是由VMware写的一款针对企业级的开源软件

下载链接:https://github.com/vmware/harbor

中文文档:http://vmware.github.io/harbor/index_cn.html

Harbor简介

Harbor是一个用于存储和分发Docker镜像的企业级Registry服务器,通过添加一些企业必需的功能特性,例如安全、标识和管理等,扩展了开源Docker Distribution。作为一个企业级私有Registry服务器,Harbor提供了更好的性能和安全。提升用户使用Registry构建和运行环境传输镜像的效率。Harbor支持安装在多个Registry节点的镜像资源复制,镜像全部保存在私有Registry中, 确保数据和知识产权在公司内部网络中管控。另外,Harbor也提供了高级的安全特性,诸如用户管理,访问控制和活动审计等。

基于角色的访问控制 - 用户与Docker镜像仓库通过“项目”进行组织管理,一个用户可以对多个镜像仓库在同一命名空间(project)里有不同的权限。
镜像复制 - 镜像可以在多个Registry实例中复制(同步)。尤其适合于负载均衡,高可用,混合云和多云的场景。
图形化用户界面 - 用户可以通过浏览器来浏览,检索当前Docker镜像仓库,管理项目和命名空间。
AD/LDAP 支持 - Harbor可以集成企业内部已有的AD/LDAP,用于鉴权认证管理。
审计管理 - 所有针对镜像仓库的操作都可以被记录追溯,用于审计管理。
国际化 - 已拥有英文、中文、德文、日文和俄文的本地化版本。更多的语言会添加进来。
RESTful API - RESTful API 提供给管理员对于Harbor更多的操控, 使得与其它管理软件集成变得更容易。
部署简单 - docker-compose和离线安装。

VMware 一共有3个开源项目

https://github.com/vmware/vic-product

admiral Docker web管理界面

https://github.com/vmware/admiral

但是adminiral和harbor虽然都是VMware的开源软件,但是admiral没有harbor好用

Docker 镜像及Docker仓库配置 [四]

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Docker 镜像及Docker仓库配置 [四]

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